Introduction:
How Punjabis became Muslims is an often ignored topic, in fact the entire genre of Punjabi Muslim history is neglected by Punjabi Muslims themselves. Without an in-depth analysis because it deserves a post of its own, this is due to the watering down of Punjabi identity with roots in colonialism and facilitated by certain elements in the state post 1947. The amplification of regional identities within the Punjabi sphere which had no conception pre-1950s and still cant articulate who they are is one example. So, how did Punjabis become Muslim? I try my best to illuminate the process which lead the residents of Panchnada to the Muhammadan faith.
Arrival of Islam:
If we are to look to Indian subcontinent as a whole, Islam arrived right during Hazrat Muhammad S.A.W’s time, a companion by the name of Hazrat Malik bin Deenar R.A. himself arrived on the South Indian West Coast. However, since the focus is Punjab, Islam in Panchnada or the Greeks called it Penta Potamia came with Muhammad Bin Qasim’s invasion in which Sindh along with parts of Southern Punjab were annexed into the Umayyad Caliphate in 712 AD.
Upper Punjab was introduced to Islam via Mahmud Ghaznavi’s invasions against the Punjab based, Hindu Shahi dynasty. After the state was finally subdued and Ghaznavid state formally established in Punjab is when we see a formal introduction of the Deen. Ali Hujwiri (1009-1077) who is popularly known as Data Ganj Baksh’s migration from Ghazni, Khorasan now the modern nation state of Afghanistan to Punjab in order to carry out missionary work marks a watershed moment. He wrote the Kashaf-ul-Mahjub which is regarded as the oldest Persian treatise on Sufism in Punjab & his mazaar is in Lahore.
Forced Conversions:
The common misconception is that Muslims in subcontinent converted due to fear of the sword. The narrative makes it appear as if conquest = conversion, but it is a false belief. For instance, after Muhammad Bin Qasim annexed Sind and parts of Southern Punjab at age 17, his administration was full of Hindu Brahmins due to their experience in governance and familiarity with local political climate, which made them invaluable to the Arab conquerors. The conquest of Multan was welcomed by the non-Hindu groups particularly the Jats (not-Hindu), who had been oppressed according to Lane Poole. Majority of population of Sindh was Buddhist and had no intention of defending their homeland for a Hindu sovereign [4].
Poole describes “The work of conquest, as often happened in India, was thus aided by the disunion of the inhabitants, and jealousies of race and creed conspired to help the Muslims.” [6]
The temples were largely left alone partly due to revenue they provided to the new administration via pilgrim tributes. This is not to say there weren’t instances of desecration, but to say there was a systematic attempt to “submit” people to Islam by destroying temples and executing those who refused, a narrative peddled by some corners is completely false.
When Ghaznavid governor of Hindustan territories, Ahmad Niyaltigin (Turk) rebelled, Sultan Masud (reign 1030-1041) sent a Hindu General, Rai Tilak to take care of the problem. Tilak in fact volunteered for this role and was happily accepted for being a native of Hindustan. Tilak’s army was composed of his fellow Hindus who upon entering Lahore, captured Niyaltigin’s Muslim followers and cut off their hands to spread terror which lead to many desertions. Niyaltigin took to flight, who was eventually caught and killed by the Jats who had an agreement with Tilak. Sultan Masud would invite Tilak to the Ghaznavid court along with the head of Niyaltigin. Lastly, besides being Hindu, Tilak was not a high born, but a son of a barber and his rise in Ghaznavid ranks was based purely on merit [1].
The Hindu section of Ghaznavid army was used as a counter balance Turkish commanders who were disposed as they would not sympathize and cause a rebellion. Of the many examples, when Sultan Masud cornered his uncle Yusuf Subuktigin by arresting him in a fortress, the cavalry responsible for the transport was Hindu (or Sawar-i-Hindu).
Besides the army, Hindu vassals also supplemented Ghaznavid forces in times of need. Rais and Rana are two names that appear when in 1151, Sultan Bahram Shah intercepted Ghurid, Alauddin. These are not anomaly as there were Hindus in Ghaznavi service as well both in the army and administration, according to Seljuk Vizier’s Siyasatnama we discover that the Ghaznavid army had Turks, Hindus, Khurasanis, Arabs & Ghurids that were kept separately for better cohesiveness and to benefit from each group’s ethos which individually contributed to diversity. The leader of the contingent was addressed with the title Sipahsalar-i- Hinduan and were utilized in Ghaznavid battles against Ilak Khan in Balkh & against Khanids. [2]
It is pertinent to mention that Hindu slaves had become so cheap after the fall of Punjab based Hindu Shahi dynasty which the Ghaznavids subdued that even sanitation workers were able to afford one in those days. Of course then there is the infamous sacking of Hindu temples. Then again the objective here was never to negate the exploits of Mahmud Ghaznavi in India, but the underlying point here is forced conversions in Punjab to which we find no reference and the service of Hindus in the upper echelon of Ghaznavid state machinery & Muhammad Bin Qasim’s administration only prove that there was no systemic attempt at forcing Islam on non-Muslims. [2]
Another thing to add is that the non-Muslim involvement in state affairs only grew with subsequent rulers, for example at one point the Grand Vizier of Mughal Empire was a Punjabi Hindu by the name Rai Todal Mal during Akbar’s reign, unarguably the peak of Mughals.
If we look at entire Hindustan the overwhelming majority is still non-Muslim, it was the basis of demanding Pakistan as a way to prevent living under a Hindu majority. As mentioned earlier if conversions were forced then surely states like Bihar would be Muslim majority considering that is where all these Muslim rulers based themselves. In Punjab specifically, in 1941 census just over half (53.2%) of Punjab’s population was Muslim, Hindus at 29.1% and Sikhs at just 14.9%. Yet previously in 1881 the census recorded Muslims at 47.6%, Hindus at 43.8% and Sikhs at 8.2%. [3]. And according to this same 1881 census half of Jatt population did not even convert to Islam even after a thousand plus years of the Religion’s presence in Punjab. [4]
Process of Conversions in Punjab:
One of the main issues with the argument of Muslims converting to Islam forcibly is that Punjab has always remained a periphery territory for Delhi based Central Asian Muslim rulers where this supposed forced Islamization were to occur. Wouldn’t places like Uttar Pradesh be majority Muslim given the duration of Islamic rule in Hindustan? Yet Interior Indian remained overwhelmingly non-Muslim. Bengal is another example of a periphery territory with a substantive Muslim population.
So, if it wasn’t the fear of the sword then what was it which lead to the Islamization of Punjab? The answer according to scholar Richard Eaton are shrines built on gravesite of Sufi saints, which operated as an institution. Prominent ones being in Taunsa, Makhad, Siyal Sharif, Sharqpur and of course Lahore which were located near the great rivers of Punjab whose dawah activities would bring Punjabis to Islam. Beyond the urban areas during dry seasons the nomads who were mostly Jats would bring their animals to the river areas, which would then have them rub shoulders with urban folk and their new faith. It is important to note, Jats were not Hindus.
As stated these shrines were an institution on their own, which connected the various tribes to the center in Delhi. Ghazi Malik who went on to found the Tughluq state and became known as Giyasuddin Tughluq was a regular at Pakpattan shrine during his days as a Dipalpur governor for Khaljis, where he was told by the diwan that his descendants will rule India, which of course became a reality. The two battles which lead to the formulation of Tughlaq dynasty had a significant presence & role of Khokhars, whether the common denominator was the Pakpattan shrine is a question I cant answer for sure. State patronage would follow and shrine keepers were even honored with robes and even employed in to imperial service.
Khokhars, Bhattis, Wattus & Siyals all claim to have been converted during Baba Farid’s (1173-1266) time & as mentioned all were willing to raise an army at the call of the shrine’s diwan [5]. The marriage alliances between clans and shrine keepers only strengthened this relationship, the great Punjabi rebel Jasrath Khokhar himself was father in law to Shaykh Faizullah of Pakpattan shrine according to a 16th century book, Jawahir-i-Faridi. [5]. The process of conversions was gradual and took a few centuries to complete, but its clear Islam had been present in Punjab well before even the Mughals had set foot & more or less the major tribes in Punjab had already converted.
Personal Thoughts & Conclusion:
So, it becomes evident that Islam in Punjab was spread not due to fear of the sword nor do Punjabi Musalmaan owe their conversion to any ruler especially not Ahmad Shah Abdali. A baseless lie often used to insult Punjabis, but well before the havoc caused by Abdali, Punjabi Muslims had already given birth to people like Ahmad Sirhindi (1564-1624) who is widely credited as Mujadid of his era & “reviver of second millennium”. Shaykh Sama’al-Din Kamboh, a Punjabi was in fact spiritual advisor to the Lodhi dynasty. The Gakhars who kept rebelling against Suri and for whom an entire Rohtas fort was built to keep them in check were also Muslims.
Anas reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would often say, “O Turner of the hearts, affirm my heart upon Your religion!” I said, “O Messenger of Allah, we believe in you and in that with which you were sent. Do you fear for us?” The Prophet said, “Yes, for the hearts are between the fingers of Allah. He turns them whichever way He wills.”
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhī 2140 [7]
Therefore, the fact that half of Punjab was still non-Muslim in 1941 shows that no ruler nor any of neighboring ethnic group is responsible for the conversion of Punjabi Muslims, we were a humiliated people and Allah chose to honor us with his Deen, so he opened the hearts of our elders. However, our non-Muslim past is still our heritage, we should take pride in events such as Porus’ resistance against Alexander the Great and most importantly draw lessons in order to navigate today’s world, take for instance the famous state craft manual Arthashastra, which is the intellectual heritage of Punjab should not be dismissed because its author was a Hindu is just one example.
References:
- Surinder, S. (2019). Making of Medieval Punjab, Warfare Territory & Resistance, 4-14
- Raza, S. (2010). HINDUS UNDER THE GHAZNAVIDS. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 71, 213-225. Retrieved January 28, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/44147488
- Krishab, G (no date). Demography of the Punjab (1849-1947) Retrieved from https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp/files/sitefiles/journals/volume11/no1/6_krishan.pdf
- Ejaz, M (2020). People’s History of Punjab. pgs. 11, 129, 130
- Eaton, E. (2014). Shrines, Cultivators, and Muslim “Conversion” in Punjab and Bengal, 1300-1700.
- Poole, S (1903). Medieval India under Muhammadan Rule (712-1764). pgs. 3-13
- https://abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2017/06/05/allah-turns-heart-how-wills/
Punjabi Waseb 
Northern Sindh and Southern Punjab were Hindu majority( ref. religion and society in arab sind)
Northern Punjab was probably Hindu majority too.
Though not sure of Jats of that region
Also, I am pretty sure soft coercion was always present, since jizya was imposed on the natives
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I have not come across a claim by Pashtuns or Afghans that Ahmad Shah Abdali converted Punjabis to Islam by sword, neither in any serious writing nor in any social media post of any worth. If there is any, do cite it. Some do claim that they converted Punjabis to Islam but they are talking about Ghaznavid, Ghorids and preachers of Islam (like Ali Hujwiri), not Ahmad Shah Abdali. They are the sorts who say ‘All Pashtuns are Afghans but not all Afghans are Pakhtuns’ – They view Ghaznavid, Ghorids and the preachers of Islam of any ethnic background as Afghans on account of them belonging to or operating from present-day Afghanistan. This view took root also because many Punjabis and many Indians themselves view (and viewed) any conqueror or migrant from present-day Afghanistan as ‘Pathan’.
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Granted, I haven’t seen any Pashtun person of note say this, but its something I have seen enough online from everyday Pashtuns to believe that its a common myth up North, that if it wasn’t for Ahmad Shah Punjabi Muslims would still be Hindus, secondly, I agree, Punjabi Muslims themselves view Ghaznavi etc as “Pathans” which reinforces that view.
Thanks for reading.
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Barmazid thats another bakwas coming from you,non pashtuns muslims would not even read a qiyyada from a pashtun let alone talk about religious matters.pashtuns have never had great scholars secular/religious and this fact is acknowledged by your historian.fact conversion was a long drawn out process,many hindu sikh jutts only converted in 19th century etc.
lodhi dynasty skiander lodhi had as a religious minsiter sheikh jamali a punjabi muslim kamboh. not just in pashtun dyansties by mughals punjabi muslims incurred the wrath of the governments of the day. Shah hussain spoke out against Akbar then sheikh ahmed shirhindi and other sufi saints speaking out mughal wrongdoings.
Except some ignorant non pashtuns and pakistani , no one calls people who came from Afghanistan as pathan? this Myth started in india by indian muslims and hindus. This “glorification” of pashtuns comes from UP-Bihar region and other areas of repiublicofindia. And its perfectly understandable because Pashtuns never really been succesfu in pakistan region. Pakistan region is the Muslim north western majority provinces of british india including delhi .
Agra is the real cultural political captial of india, pashtun and hindu india . Both hindu and pashtun empires,Lodhis suris ruled from Agra and hindu Maharajas/kings were crowned at Agra inculding Marathas. if you want to control india the perfect location for it is Agra that’s why nearly all of the non muslim/ muslim dynasties had captial at agra. The UP-Bihar region had rich soil even before the british started the canal colonies in the 19th century.it also has huge population of pashtuns.The essence of what makes india can be drawn from when you look at UP-Bihar, yes those states have poor development but the Ganges is the soul of india. The Ganges delta has always had prominent place through out the centuries rich in culturearchitecture.
Then you have Pashtun states like Tonk, Bohpal, Rampur,Junagadh Hyderabad deccan(prime minister pashtun) and hundereds of other princely states / Jagirs across India not forgetting the Pashtun dynasties in Bengal.
compared to this there has only been 4 Pashtun states in Pakistan region. Dir, Mamdot,Pautaudi,Dujana none of them Salute states and only large Dir.
Despite your efforts in trying to present Pashtuns a racial profile, Pashtuns are not racial but linguistic ethnic.
Now coming to facts Swat was ruled by a Syed and then a Ahkhund Gujjar Abdul both of them married in to Pashtun yousafzai. The princely state of Amb was ruled by non Pashtun Tanoli tribe (who are classified as barla turks in British india ) The family of princely Malerkotla riyasat is of Syed origin not Pashtun and they have relations with the family of nawab of Loharu another Muslim princely state in east punjab who also were syed and came from afghanistan,would you classify them as pashtuns just becuase they came from afghanistan?.
In punjab only 2 cities have an identity or affilation with Afghans/pashtuns, 1st is Multan where the pashtuns came in the 10th century before Ghaznavi.And the other is Kasur where there the Kheshgi duranni stat which later moved to Mamdot.
The biggest lie of pashtun is that they are religious extremists and this myth was created by the british.Pashtun can be extremists but they are not religious extremists and i say this as a Punjabi. bacha khan was secular. Faqiri of ippi was also secular but wrongly labled an extremist by the british who had designs on afghanist.
Sikh and Pashtun are knowns as idiotstupid in south asia and across the world internationally.
In some bizzare circles pashtuns were seen as sword arm of muslim by some indian muhajirs supported by the British who also ironically viewed sikhs as sword arm of Hindu which was given weightage by UP-biharis’.
They have never been islamic.They themselves make fun of it;i.e. are you a musalman or pathan and they will answer; PAthan. theyfollow pashtun wali religion.
Pashtuns dont have principles.for power prestige they will do anything and wont regret. e.g. The Lodhi pashtuns of Multan converted to shia ismaili islam for chair throne of multan during 10th century untill they were massacred by the turk Ghaznavi and later tajik Gori.The duranni pashtuns of kasur were rewarded handsomely and given the Mamdot state for helping the “Maraudin” Sikhs. Mamdot was the largest Jagir in Punjab.
The truth is that pashtuns have never fought for Islam.Apart from the royal family of “Bohpal” bringing wahabbism in to india in the 1860s Pashtuns are mostly secular. It was not Ahmed shah abdali who declared jihad it was indian muslim muhajirs who declared jihad against sikhs marathas. Pashtuns have fought for loot/plunder wrongly sometimes giving the name to jihad misuse of the Islamic termword.
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I am taking great offence at the description of Bihar.
Remember that , countless British records imply that the primary recruits of the East India company in the so called “Bengal army” were mostly bihari Hindus.
Some books have been authored on the relationship of Mughals with the zamindars of Bihar. The Mughal records show that Mughals – although declared themselves governors of Bihar – they could never extract taxes from the smallest of zamindars in Bihar.
Here’s what’s written:
Mughal rule in Bihar was characterised as turbulent and volatile as many of the region’s zamindars made continuous efforts to defy the imperial authority.[6] Generally, the Mughals had great difficulty in subduing the chiefs of Bihar.[7] Many of the major zamindaris and chieftaincies in the suba of Bihar were located in hilly and forested areas which proved beneficial in terms of dealing with potential conflicts. These zamindars had an obligation to pay tribute to the Mughal authorities but rebellions were common and in many instances the army would have to be sent in to Bihar to subdue the rebellious zamindar.[7]
A notable instance of this occurred in 1503 when Raja Sangram Singh of Kharagpur Raj rebelled and was subsequently killed in battle. His son was then converted to Islam and became a staunch ally of the Mughals.[8]
The nineteenth century British civil servant, John Beames noted about Mughal-ruled Bihar that “everyone who was powerful enough to rob the state or his neighbours, robbed to his hearts content”.[9] Zamindars refusing to pay the state and gathering forces to attack neighbouring zamindars was a common practice in Bihar during this period.[9]
This attitude to authority continued into the period when the Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad became the nominal governors of Bihar. Although Bihar had the potential to provide a large amount of revenue and tax, records show that the Nawabs were unable to extract any money from the chiefs of Bihar until 1748. And even following this, the amount gained was very low. This was again due to the rebellious nature of the zamindars who were “continually in arms”.[10]
We in Bihar too feel that we don’t find Mughal or even Suri presence in most parts of Bihar.
Bihar is mostly glossed over in history books barring some pre Islamic kingdoms.
While it’s true that British engineered social identities across India , for Bihar it was the most focused experiment since the Biharis of 1857 who made sepoys of the Bengal army were from many clans who mere in majority termed as “kshatriya clans” – rajput status of those times.
The British had a great role in systematic reducing them to povert , changing the social status of many.
Remember all caste censuses and caste classifications begun only after 1857 rebellion..the first being done in 1860s…. And if you have access to these censuses , you’d find that there were great changes in labels of different communities.
Books authored by “William R pinch” also depict how there were often discussions among the natives that the British often labelled people as shudras when they were poor or had taken to farming after deindustrialization by the British. Yes , India had industrial capacities long before the British. Read about the deindustrialization of India by British they if you search for it.
Now Punjab being also participants of the rebellion , those who took part in it , also had to suffer in many contexts.
In UP-Bihar , where all the sepoys were raised from , the British were actively destroying all ancestral evidences and records of clans from which they had been raised..
Many estates and palaces numbering in tens of thousands were destroyed.
Nonetheless , for Mughal period the book authored by a Muslim scholar , who cites Islamic texts of Mughal era to assert his evidences , is https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147499
Hope you research further.
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Some say that some of the pakistani punjabis have an inferiority complex.Thats wrong but i can see where the argument is coming from.Islam came with arabs and non pashtuns regard Syeds highly. Hinduism or Brahminism could never set foot in the Pakistan region. The pakistan region was majority Buddhist not Hindu. India is a continent not a country, there has always been different Lifestyle culture between the Ganga region and indus Civilization despite some links.Contrary to the propaganda islam did not come with the Arab invasion or turkic.Islam came with arab sufi missionaries in south india and then rest of South asia. Did you know that the Sind region which included kutch,large parts of balochistan and if you include ‘Sapata Sindhu’ indus terroritry the whole Punjab; had links with middle east even before the advent of islam in arabia. In india/pakistan syeds were highly regar however they have become almost taken the place of brahmins.non pashtun pakistanis have never regarded syeds As Afghan/Pashtun despite many coming from central asia and they themselves often identified as non Pashtun.Two punjabi tribes or castes claim an outside origin but are some of darkest punjabis around. The Awan and Arain most likely have indian influence.The Awan have sometimes been inculded in gypsy category. While the Arains come from Siani or have links with them.This was reflected in their lower local social category originally. What ever their background they are mixed or mostlikely come from local stock. Awans almost always have a pointy nose(Shoaib Akhtar is half Awan) while Arains have fat or big nose(IG javed saleemi). Both of these tribes often look different from local punjabis Awans are usually short but are heavily built while Arains can be tall but are usuallythin.
Then there is the Pashtun Fascist racism, you accuse Punjabis of uncorroborated racism while overlooking your ingrained colourism and doing it unabashedly. Jahiliya Afridi used the “N” word and shaheen afridi was racist againsta reporter.
You know many of the people in pakistan punjab you pashtuns encounter are from lower caste or dalit background.Most of them have origins outside the Indus region. e.g. the british brought over migrants from Rajasthan to work in Chakwal miness. You either mistakenly or deliberately call them “PUnnJabiii”. “Dalkhor”, “Kalu”. To view them as dark and ugly is not only wrong but racist”. Rani taj the Dhol player is from a “Dhobi” background naseebo lal is from a rajasthani gypsy background, whatever their background they are still citizens of pakistan nation republic.
Go look at your own muddled up and made up history.. .The Durrani are of Iranian stock and are considered pure Pashtuns and they have a fierce rivalry with the Ghilzais often leading to bloodshed.
The kashimiris and Dardics are the real pale in south asia.d Gilgitis and Chitralis are even more Paler then pashtuns yet i never heard racism coming from them against non pashtun pakistanis /indians.
Thats because you are of foreign origin Persian origin.your lands are in iran and afghanistan. its Jalalabad and Kandahar which are the Political and Cultural capitals of Pashtuns not Kabul (tajik captial) or Peshawar(Pashto is not the mother tongue of Peshawar but Hindko Hindko majority).Anyway its Zhob and quetta which are the cultural nerve center of pashtuns in pakistan while Sibi is nerve centre for baloch and Kalat for brauhis.
Pashtuns have Namekin Yellow skin like your Persian irani brothers,.You accuse non pashtuns of mythical pakistani Caste system but fail to acknowledge your system of Pashtun tribal identity and criminality. just to increase your numbers or Political you add non pashtuns in to your Crime Nexus. You are mistaken if you think non pashtun want to join your Racist criminal confederacy.
More then likely in nwfp half of the pashtunised pashtuns could have non pashtun origins.
i always wondered why the afridis were the fairest of all pashtuns,then i LOOKED UP and it makes perfect sense of their ‘Tirahi” origins and the same exact location culture. If you compare them with the Kohistanis then you dont find much difference.Kohistan valley Khyber D The same kind of houses, isolated valleys, closer dialect, Guns.And the other thing is why out of the pashtun tribes;its only the Afridis who established gun factories in their Areaes.After all the khattaks and yousafzais also kept arms.That makes perfect sense as well, TIRAH valley and the afridis are right at the door step of the Khyber Pass. They have been A$$ raped by the invasions through the khyber pass; now you have a yellow and pink mix. They are pro T alibunni and Naswar illegal S harab Khors.
In punjab only two outside groups have been recognised or have integrated in the society.Syeds and Kashmiris even then they have a separate status except maybe the syeds who have become part of the Biradari
system.Some syeds dont want to be associated with Punabi association so they have invented fake Seraiki identity like gilanis and qureshis of multan. kashmiris have their own identity and though punjabi speaking they maintain their separate cultural trad though some like the Pirzadahs and Sudhans want to associate themselves with Pashtuns(inferiority complex maybe?). Mughals and Pashtuns have had separate identities and Bastis. Though some claimed to be punjabi but they have never been recognised as such informally or formally.The baloch are outsiders and were loyal in 1947 Except the brahuis.They often allied with the non pashtuni;. against Afghans or (MIR) brahuis the”Bugti”are dravidian maratha brahuis) Theres been some soft corner for them in past.though this is changing due to Baloch thief atrocities on Sindhis and Punjabi CIVILLIANs in sindh and balochistan.
The only time a mass conversion took place was during the bloody Partition of British india 1947.Thats the only time a mass conversion forced or pressured took place of Sikhs or Hindus in pak punjab. For example over 80% of the Christians in pakistan have a “Chura” background.They were Hindus or sikhs and converted overnight. The hostility against them is mainly because of the suspicions around them not that they are christian. The Churas are also believed to be from Rajasthan or India. Thats the only time you could say a conversion by the sword took place though i wouldn’t use that term, it may have happened earlier as well but i dont know of many instances. E.g. banda bairagi forcibly converted the Mughals and pashtuns of Sirhind and paid a price for it. Muhajir ppp bhutto converted to islam in order to avoid paying tax in Rajasthan Jaisalmer during the rule of Arungzaib.
Nadia khan the Anchor host has a sikh face and her were jatts family were converted in 1947 similarly another famous person is “Nawaja Sikh” his family are from Faisalabad. The alias “Sikh” is used as a taunt. .
Such families you can recognise them easily they are darker colour or have faces that closely match hindu sikhs in india, haryana ,himchael pradesh etc punjab.Pakistani punjab is not exactly the same as before partition.You even have Meo rajputs from bahrat pur and alwar, 10% muhajirs settled in pakistani Punjab.
Its the opposite in indian punjab those hindu sikhs with lighter skin are thought to have been from Muslim backgrounds who were either forcibly converted or separated victims of partition.Thats not to say that all of them have a muslim background some are lighter skinned without any muslim family input but many of them more likely do have that background.
Now coming to you Afghan/Pashtuns the only place where there is a history of recorded mass forced conversions is “”afghanistan” your own land.There are written instances recorded by Persian and Turkic rulers when they were moving through Afghanistan mowing down all Aafghan and mass converting Afghans/pashtuns.Small example pashtuns of south central afghanistan region were converted by Ssaffarids and the fata Afridis were mass converted overnight by Ghaznavi.(FATA and northern balochistan are considered original parts of Afghanistan separate from Nwfp).
The best you pashtun Cowards could do is forcibly mass convert Pashai and Nuristani people and that too with the blessing of the british kingque who wanted to define the boundaries of Afghanistan in the 19th century.
You are killing Sikhs in Afghanistan and forcibly converting Hindu girls in Sind (Pashtun tablighis are involved with the backing of PPP).Stop kiliing sikhs and forcibly converting Hindu girls . instead of putting on shows by dr Shahid masood kakazai and Malik riaz kakazai backers of deobandi functione.
(Forced conversion is not allowed in islam period).
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